The ehs guidelines for nitrogenous fertilizer production include information relevant to facilities that produce ammoniabased nitrogenous fertilizers, including ammonia nh 3, urea, nitric acid hno 3, ammonium n itrate. Ureaammonium nitrate solution, uran, uan page 1 of 1 chemical data typical. It is very soluble in the soil and the nitrate portion can be easily taken up by the crops. How to apply ammonium nitrate as fertilizer home guides. Ammonium nitrate an primarily is used as a fertilizer but it is also very important compound in the production of industrial explosives. Solid ammonium nitrate may be produced in the form of prills, grains, granules, or crystals. Addiscott, in encyclopedia of soils in the environment, 2005. That means if we want to add say calcium, that depending. Training on handling ammonium nitrate incidents using this msds should be provided before any ammonium nitrate handling or use commences.
Preparation of ammonium nitrate for use as a fertilizer naldc. Under some circumstances, the addition of water may also favor the conditions for explosion. Pdf exergy analysis of ammonium nitrate production plants. Use ammonium sulfate if your soil is alkaline because this fertilizer lowers the ph slightly.
Large flooding volumes of water can be directly applied to the ammonium nitrate either manually or by automatic sprinkler system to cool the pile and prevent decomposition. Does not readily burn but will do so if contaminated with combustible material. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound, the nitrate salt of the ammonium cation. Find the amount of fertilizer nutrient concentration four finds in fertilizer calculations. Properties of ammonium nitrate based fertilisers dissertation for the degree of doctor philosophiae harri kiiski university of helsinki faculty of science department of chemistry. Oct 12, 2018 these data are based on our current knowledge, experience and technical equipment.
Ammonium nitrate is highly soluble in water and does not precipitate with any common chemical. In this article, the possible role of water interfering physically and to some extent chemically. Environmental, health, and safety guidelines for nitrogenous. Ammonium sulfate ammonium sulfate is a soluble, readily available source of n and sulfur s.
If more than a small quantity has been swallowed seek medical attention. Onions need a steady supply of nitrogen to form large bulbs. Does not readily burn but will do so if contaminated with. They do not relieve customers of carrying out their own tests and experiments, due to the great diversity of. Ammonium nitrate, liquid safety data sheet 306 05312015 en english sds ref306 312 11202012 firstaid measures after inhalation.
Urea ammonium nitrate uan ifainternational fertilizer. Calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer specification 1 scope this draft uganda standard specifies requirements, sampling and test methods for calcium ammonium nitrate can fertilizer. Selecting a fertilizer the ratio of nitrate to ammoniacal nitrogen in a fertilizer determines the rate of substrate ph change and can even be used to correct ph during production. The index is constructed using the fertilizer benchmark prices of u. Flood fires proximate to ammonium nitrate fertilizer with large volumes of low pressure water. In commerce, the majority of nitrate is used in inorganic fertilizers.
Ammonium nitrate is an odorless, nearly colorless crystal salt. Ammonium nitrate is suspected as the source of the explosion at the west fertilizer company. Calcium nitrate double salt is not classified as an oxidizer by government agencies, so there are no special restrictions on transport and handling as there may be for ammonium nitrate. Nitrate and nitrite are two of the nitrogen compounds that are used by plants and animals and eventually return to the air as nitrogen gas. Keep in mind, though, that you can buy ammonium nitrate as a pure chemical. Pdf we investigated the interacting effects of inorganic nitrogen and the main inorganic phosphorus form in dairy manure dicalcium. Nitrogen fertilizer production using coalbased ammonia almost doubles high. In nature, plants utilize nitrate as an essential nutrient. Properties of ammonium nitrate based fertilisers dissertation for the degree of doctor philosophiae harri kiiski university of helsinki faculty of science department of chemistry laboratory of inorganic chemistry p. Nitrogen fertilizer is made by capturing nitrogen from the. Nitrate and nitrite can also be produced in the body. Extinguishing fires involving ammonium nitrate stock with.
This wellproven tech nology forms the basis of our nitrate fertilizer technology portfolio. Volume 3 number 5 march 2018 fertilizer calculation basics. The state fire marshals office conducted voluntary inspections of facilities storing bulk amounts of ammonium nitrate around the state in response to the. Investiga tions were at once undertaken in cooperation with producers in this country and in canada, and. Fertilizers are essential to life the fertilizer institute. Thus, in practice, the difference between urea and ammonium nitrate or can in terms of impact on soil nitrate is fairly small.
For example, liquid ammonium nitrate may be sold as a fertilizer, generally in combination with urea or the liquid ammonium nitrate may be concentrated to form an ammonium nitrate melt for use in solids. Fertilizer grade urea 4600 urea ammonium nitrate uan 2800 or 3200 ammonium sulfate 210024 ammonium nitrate 2800 calcium. Training on handling ammonium nitrate incidents using this. In europe ammonium nitrate or calcium ammonium nitrate can is widely used. Hdan is differentiated from low density ammonium nitrate ldan, which is a grade used primarily in explosive applications and is sometimes referred to as industrial grade an. Ammonium nitrate is marketed in several forms, depending upon its use. These transformations can be studied by labeling the n in urea or either the ammonium or nitrate parts of ammonium nitrate with 15 n, the. Industrial solutions nitrates for fertilizers and technical. Ammonium nitrate is commercially available both as a colorless crystalline solid and processed into prills for specific applications. It is created when ammonia gas reacts with nitric acid. Approximately 15 to 20 percent of this amount was used for explosives and the balance for fertilizer. Fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate fgan at fertilizer retail facilities. It is less concentrated than urea 4600, giving ammonium nitrate a slight transportation disadvantage. These data are based on our current knowledge, experience and technical equipment.
Ammonium nitrate is an important fertilizer with the npk rating 3400 34% nitrogen. Using ammonium nitrate in gardens and large scale agricultural fields enhances plant growth and provides a ready supply of nitrogen from. Safety and security guidelines tfi the fertilizer institute. The particle density of the prills is such that, when liquid fuel is properly applied to and mixed with them, the prills absorb the fuel uniformly which enhances reactivity. Prilled fertilizer is formed as a drop of the concentrated ammonium nitrate solution 95 to 99% falls from a tower and solidifies. Liquid ammonium nitrate may be concentrated to form an ammonium nitrate melt for use in solids. This is somewhat complex because each of the fertilizer salts that we used contains two different elements of interest. Production production of ammonium nitrate is an exothermic process that results from the reaction of ammonia gas with. Ammonium nitrate works well for gardens with acidic soil.
What are the best fertilizers to use to get large onions. Ammonium nitrate provides much needed nitrogen to lawn grasses and garden plants in an easily accessible form that doesnt leach out of the soil. This advisory contains information on incidents involving ammonium nitrate nh 4no 3 commonly referred to as an, an hazards, hazard management, and steps for emergency planning, and safe emergency. Jan 08, 2018 options for obtaining ammonium nitrate. Using ammonium nitrate in gardens and large scale agricultural fields enhances plant growth and provides a ready supply of nitrogen from which plants can draw. Urea ammonium nitrate urea ammonium nitrate uan is a soluble, readily available n source with 2832% n prepared by mixing of ammonium nitrate and urea.
In this article, the possible role of water interfering physically and to some extent chemically with ammonium nitrate stock in a fire is discussed, calling for more research to develop an optimal procedure to fight ammonium nitrate fertilizer fires. This advisory contains information on incidents involving. Ammonium nitrate is moderately toxic if large amounts are swallowed. Nitrogen fertilizers for field crops cornell university. The ph changing property is known as a fertilizer s potential acidity or basicity and is listed on a fertilizer s label table 1. The application of ammonium nitrate in the production of. The green markets weekly north america fertilizer price index provides a snapshot of how north american fertilizer prices are trending over time. Fertilizer grade urea 4600 urea ammonium nitrate uan 2800 or 3200 ammonium sulfate 210024 ammonium nitrate 2800 calcium ammonium nitrate 2700 table 2. Environmental and soil conditions with high and low risk for ammonia volatilization. Pdf ammonium nitrate explosion hazards researchgate. Ammonium nitrate may react violently with certain chemicals including organic materials, reducing agents, metal powders, strong acids, nitrites, chlorates, chlorides and permanganates keep containers closed when not in use check regularly for spills.
Side dress growing plants in early and midsummer with 12 cup nitrogenbased fertilizer. It is an efficient n source because it contains both nitrate and ammonium and it has a relatively high nutrient content. If inhaled, remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for. Ammonium nitrate in combination with certain additives is widely used as a type of explosive known as a blasting agent. Department of transportation dot has three entries for fgan. Ureaammonium nitrate solution, uran, uan page 1 of 1. Liquid ammonium nitrate may be sold as a fertilizer, generally in combination with urea. Virtasen aukio 1 fin00014 university of helsinki finland academic dissertation. Dry forms contain 21% n and 24% s, while liquid forms have an analysis of 8009. Ammonium nitrate s advantage over urea is that it is more stable and does not rapidly lose nitrogen to the atmosphere. Contains the readilyavailable nitric form of nitrogen. Nitrogen fertilizer volatilization factors affecting.
The ehs guidelines for nitrogenous fertilizer production include information relevant to facilities that produce ammoniabased nitrogenous fertilizers, including ammonia nh 3, urea, nitric acid hno 3, ammonium n itrate, calcium ammonium nitrate can, ammonium sulfate and mixed nitrogenous. Ammonium nitrate is a popular fertilizer since it provides half of the n in the nitrate form and half in the ammonium form. Urea ammonium nitrate in liquid form is a commonly used fertilizer to sidedress corn. Large flooding volumes of water can be directly applied to the ammonium nitrate. Safety data sheet urea ammonium nitrate solution 28%, 30%, 32% n uan classified according to the unghs as adopted in the us hazard communication standard hcs 2012, the canada. The main use of ammonium nitrate is as a fertiliser, marketed either as prills small spheres or granules. How to make ammonium nitrate from household chemicals. Difference between standard and controlled release nitrogen fertilizers standard nitrogen fertilizers become 100% exposed to soil processes when applied examples include urea 4600, ammonium. However calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is classified as a 5.
Ammonium nitrate ammonium nitrate was the first solid nitrogen n fertilizer produced at a large scale. Ammonium nitrate is the most wellknown source of nitrogen. Difference between standard and controlled release nitrogen fertilizers standard nitrogen fertilizers become 100% exposed to soil processes when applied examples include urea 4600, ammonium sulfate 2100, ammonium nitrate 3400, and calcium nitrate 15. Ammonium nitrate is a popular n fertilizer due to its agronomic efficiency and relatively high nutrient content. They do not relieve customers of carrying out their own tests and experiments, due to the great diversity of possible effects in processing and application of our products. Urea ammonium nitrate solution 28%, 30%, 32% n uan. It has the chemical formula n h 4 n o 3, simplified to n 2 h 4 o 3. Keep in mind, though, that you can buy ammonium nitrate as a pure. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is a simple compound to make.
You can make ammonium nitrate from common household chemicals. The nitrate form moves readily with soil water to the roots where it is immediately. It is a white crystalline solid and is highly soluble in. High density ammonium nitrate hdan and calcium ammonium nitrate can are nitrogenous dry fertilizer products. Pdf ammonium nitrate is a large volume industrial inorganic chemical, used mostly as a high grade 34% n straight nitrogen fertilizer containing both. It is an efficient n source because it contains both nitrate and ammonium and it has a relatively high.
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